Undeniable evidence of the world suggest that global climate change compared to the pre-industrial era, and is expected to continue the trend of the 21st century and beyond. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 1 documented that the global average temperature increase of about 0.76 ° C between 1850-1899 and 2001-2005, and concluded that most of the observed changes in global average temperatures since the mid-20 . century, "most likely" the result of human activities, an increasing number of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.
As a result, observed in various manifestations, including climate change, ocean warming, continental average temperatures, temperature extremes and wind patterns. Widespread loss of glaciers and ice caps and warming of ocean surface temperatures have contributed to sea level rise of 1.8 mm per year from 1961 to 2003, and approximately 3.1 mm / year in 1993-2003.
The IPCC predicts that the pace of climate change, to accelerate the ongoing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at or above current rates. IPCC's best estimates suggest that globally averaged surface temperature will rise to 1.8 ° C and 4.0 ° C by the end of the 21th century. Even a stabilized GHG concentrations in the atmosphere at current levels, the earth continues to warm as the past greenhouse gas emissions as well as the thermal inertia of the oceans.
Future changes in temperature and other important characteristics of climate manifests itself in different ways within different regions of the world. It is likely that tropical cyclones (typhoons and hurricanes) will be more severe, more wind and heavier rain. This will be linked to the continued growth of tropical sea surface temperature. Extra-tropical storm tracks are projected to shift towards the pole, the associated changes in wind, precipitation and temperature patterns. The snow is also expected to decline further.
The environmental and economic risks of climate change projections is significant. The gravity of the situation has resulted in many recent international political debates. The IPCC's findings have been clear that climate change would hinder the ability of several nations to achieve sustainable development. The Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change concluded that the current costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions is much less than the future costs of the economic and social disruption due to climate change is terrible. All countries and economic sectors should be pursued through the challenges of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
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Sunday, May 1, 2011
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